Agoraphobia
Agoraphobia was thought to to involve fear of the “agora”- the Greek God of public places of assembly. Agoraphobics usually fear one or more form of travel, and commonly avoid cars, buses, airplanes and subway trains. Agoraphobia usually develops as a complication of having panic attacks (which can be terrifying) in one or more such situations. Agoraphobics are concerned that they may have a panic attack or get sick, they are anxious about being in places or situations from which escape would be physically difficult or psychologically embracing, or in which immediate help would be unavailable in the event that something bad happened(APA).
Panic disorder
DSM_IV defines a person must have experienced recurrent unexpected attacks and must have been persistently concerned about having another attack or worried about the consequences of having an attack for at least a month. There must be at least 4 of the thirteen prescribed symptoms present to qualify it as panic. Some of them are: shortness of breath, heart palpitation, sweating, dizziness, depersonalization, de-realization, fear of dying or going crazy etc.
Agoraphobia without Panic Disorder
Agoraphobia is a frequent complication of panic disorder, it can also occur in absence of panic disorder. Cases of Agoraphobia withut panic are extremely rare in clinical casesbut it not uncommon In epidemiological studies.
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